The effects of short video app-guided loving-kindness meditation on college students' mindfulness, self-compassion, positive psychological capital, and suicide ideation

Abstract Objective The study investigated the effects of a short video app guided loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on college students' mindfulness, self-compassion, positive psychological capital, and suicide ideation. The purpose of the study is to investigate the intervention effect of LKM training on suicidal ideation among college students with the help of the short video application and to provide an empirical basis for the exploration of early suicide intervention strategies for college students. Methods We recruited 80 college students from a university in China. The final 74 eligible participants were divided into two groups: app use group (n = 37) and the control group (n = 37). The app group accepted an 8-week app use interference, while the control group underwent no interference. We measured four major variable factors (mindfulness, self-compassion, positive psychological capital, and suicide ideation) before and after the app use intervention. Results In the app group, self-compassion and positive psychological capital were significantly higher, and suicide ideation was significantly lower than the control group. In the control group, there were no noticeable differences in any of the four variables between the pre-test and post-test. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the short video app guided LKM may help to improve self-compassion, and positive psychological capital, and reduce suicide ideation. The finding of the short video app-guided LKM's effect extends our understanding of the integrative effects of positive psychology and digital media on the reduction of suicide ideation.

The impact of mindfulness on suicidal behavior: a systematic review

Abstract Introduction Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Methods A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms ('mindfulness' OR 'mindfulness-based') AND ('suicide' OR 'suicidal' OR 'suicide risk' OR 'suicide attempt' OR 'suicide ideation' OR 'suicide behavior'). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514. Results A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk. Conclusion MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.

Impacto do estresse de minoria em sintomas depressivos, ideação suicida e tentativa de suicídio em pessoas trans / Impact of minority stress in depressive symptoms, suicide idea and try suicide in trans

Resumo O estresse de minoria aborda a relação entre preconceito (percebido, antecipado e internalizado) e saúde mental em pessoas pertencentes a grupos minoritários, assim como fatores de proteção aos estressores. Este trabalho avaliou a prevalência de sintomas depressivos, ideação suicida e tentativa de suicídio em pessoas trans brasileiras, e sua relação com estresse de minoria, passabilidade, apoio social e apoio à identidade trans. Participaram 378 pessoas, por meio de questionário respondidos on-line e nos serviços hospitalares a que frequentavam. Desses, 67,20% apresentaram sintomas depressivos, 67,72% ideação suicida e 43,12% tentativa de suicídio. Foram realizadas três análises de regressão de Poisson, em dois passos, conforme os desfechos. Nos três desfechos houve associação positiva com o preconceito internalizado e negativa com o apoio social, sendo essas as únicas associações na tentativa de suicídio. Nos sintomas depressivos e na ideação suicida, também se associou positivamente o preconceito antecipado e negativamente a passabilidade e o apoio à identidade trans. Percebe-se a vulnerabilidade das pessoas trans para os desfechos negativos de saúde mental e a importância de enfrentar o preconceito em nível individual e social, assim como promover o apoio social e à identidade trans.

Abstract Minority stress comprehends the relationship between prejudice (perceived, anticipated and internalized) and mental health in people belonging to minority groups, as well as protective factors for stressors. This study evaluated the prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in Brazilian trans people, and it`s relationship with minority stress, passability, social support and trans identity support. 378 people participated through a questionnaire answered online and in the hospital services they attended. Of these, 67.20% had depressive symptoms, 67.72% suicidal ideation and 43.12% attempted suicide. Three Poisson regression analyzes were performed in two steps, according to the outcomes. In the three outcomes there was a positive association with internalized prejudice and a negative association with social support, which were the only associations in the suicide attempt. Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation were also positively associated with anticipated prejudice and negatively passability and support for trans identity. The vulnerability of transgender people to negative mental health outcomes and the importance of addressing prejudice on an individual and social level, as well as promoting social support and transgender identity support are perceived.

Reduciendo la ideación suicida en adolescentes con terapia de perspectiva temporal. Un estudio experimental / Reducing suicidal ideation in adolescents with time perspective therapy. An experimental study

Resumen El suicidio es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, problema que en los últimos años ha venido en aumento sostenido para la población adolescente. En particular, la ideación suicida se ha relacionado fuertemente con el intento suicida, un predictor directo del suicidio; sin embargo, se encuentran escasas estrategias para disminuir la ideación suicida diseñadas principalmente para la depresión. Considerando las posibilidades terapéuticas de la teoría de Zimbardo sobre la perspectiva temporal equilibrada, en el presente estudio se diseñó una intervención breve basada en la perspectiva del tiempo para adolescentes con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto de una intervención de perspectiva temporal en la modificación de indicadores de ideación y conducta suicida en adolescentes. De este modo, se realizó un estudio experimental, donde 82 participantes de 15 a 19 años fueron asignados a una intervención experimental o a un grupo control. Los participantes del grupo experimental (n = 43) participaron durante 8 sesiones del programa de intervención de perspectiva del tiempo denominado "Serenamente". Las mediciones pre-post se realizaron sobre las variables de ideación suicida (Okasha), el perfil temporal (ZTPI) y la calidad de vida (SF-36). Como resultados, se encontró que la intervención reduce la ideación suicida en un 41 %; y que, posiblemente, mejora la salud física de quienes reciben este tipo de tratamiento. Los resultados son un avance promisorio con fines preventivos en contextos educativos y de salud.

Abstract Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the world, a problem that has been steadily increasing in recent years for the adolescent population. In particular, suicidal ideation has been strongly associated with suicide attempt, a direct predictor of suicide; however, few strategies to decrease suicidal ideation designed primarily for depression are found. Considering the therapeutic possibilities of Zimbardo's theory on balanced time perspective, in the present study a brief intervention for adolescents based on that theory was designed with the aim of evaluating the effect of a time perspective intervention on the modification of indicators of suicidal ideation and behavior in adolescents. Thus, an experimental study was conducted, where 82 participants aged 15 to 19 were assigned to either an experimental intervention or a control group. The participants of the experimental group (n = 43) engaged in eight sessions of the time perspective intervention program called "Serenity". Pre-post measurements were made on the variables of suicidal ideation (Okasha), time profile (ZTPI) and quality of life (SF-36). Results show that the intervention reduces suicidal ideation by 41%; and that, possibly, it improves the physical health of those who receive this type of treatment. The results are a promising advance for preventive purposes in educational and health contexts.

Association between childhood psychological maltreatment and dark triad with suicide ideation of college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and dark triad with suicide ideation, and to provide references for suicide prevention in college students.Methods:A total of 2 995 college students from 6 universities including Guangxi, Sichuan, Henan, Guizhou and Chongqing were enrolled, and were investigated with the child psychological maltreatment scale (CPMS), dirty dozen(DD), and suicide ideation questionnaire.SPSS 26.0 software was used for correlation analysis and macro program-PROCESS was used to analyze the mediating effect.Results:The prevalence of childhood psychological maltreatment among college students was 29.32%, which in male students and students with left-behind experience (33.38%, 34.60%) were higher than that in female students and students without left-behind experience (25.65%, 25.98%)(χ 2=21.53, 25.47, both P<0.01) respectively.There was positive correlation between childhood psychological maltreatment, dark triad and suicidal ideation( r=0.32-0.41, all P<0.001). Dark triad had a partial mediating effect between childhood psychological maltreatment and suicidal ideation(effect size=0.08, 95% CI=0.06-0.10). An analysis of multiple mediating effects on the three dimensions of dark triad found that Machiavellianism and psychopathy had significant mediating effects between childhood psychological maltreatment and suicidal ideation(effect size=0.05, 95% CI=0.02-0.07; effect size=0.07, 95% CI=0.04-0.10), while narcissism had no significant mediating effect(effect size=-0.01, 95% CI=-0.01-0.01). Conclusion:Childhood psychological maltreatment can not only directly affect the suicide ideation of college students, but also further affect the suicide ideation through dark triad.

Factores asociados a la ideación suicida y el dolor crónico en pacientes adultos mayores asistidos en un hospital general de la ciudad de Buenos Aires / Associated factors with suicidal ideation and chronic pain in elderly patients assisted in a general hospital of the city of Buenos Aires

Introducción: el siguiente estudio tuvo como finalidad explorar algunas características demográficas asociadas al dolor crónico y el desarrollo de ideas de suicidio en una población de pacientes mayores de 65 años. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional y analítico de corte transversal mediante el relevamiento de datos a partir historias clínicas de pacientes mayores de 65 años que concurrieron a los consultorios externos del equipo de geriatría del Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, entre junio de 2018 y diciembre de 2018. Resultados: se incluyó en el estudio un total de 222 pacientes, de los cuales 50 (23%) presentaron indicadores de dolor crónico y 33 pacientes (14,6%) lo hicieron de ideación suicida. Mediante estudio de correlación se estableció que estar ocupado, padecer dolor crónico y haber tenido más de una internación psiquiátrica son factores que incrementan el riesgo de presentar ideación suicida. Las variables ideación suicida, edad, y el estado civil ‒separado o divorciado en comparación con estar casado‒ son factores asociados a la presencia de dolor crónico. Conclusiones: el dolor crónico y la ideación suicida son factores que contribuyen a aumentar la fragilidad en personas mayores y deben ser estudiados en mayor profundidad para comprender los distintos modos de expresión de la patología psiquiátrica en esta población. (AU)

Introduction: the following study aimed to explore some demographic characteristics associated with chronic pain and the development of suicidal ideas in a population of patients over 65 years. Method: an cross-sectional observational and analytical study was carried out by collecting data from clinical histories of patients over 65 years of age who attended the external offices of the geriatrics team of the Psychiatry service of the Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires between June 2018 and December 2018. Results: a total of 222 patients were included in the study, of which 50 (23%) presented indicators of chronic pain and 33 patients (14.6%) had suicidal ideation. A correlation study established that being employed, suffering from chronic pain and having had more than one psychiatric hospitalization are factors that increase the risk of presenting suicidal ideation. The variables suicidal ideation, age, and separated or divorced marital status compared to being married are factors associated with the presence of chronic pain. Conclusions: chronic pain and suicidal ideation are factors that contribute to increasing frailty in elderly patients and should be studied in greater depth to understand the different modes of expression of psychiatric pathology in this population. (AU)

Suicide Ideation in Depressed People Living with HIV/AIDS in District Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh (India)

Introduction: Suicide ideation is common amongst peoplewith HIV/AIDS but may not often indicate any significantrisk of suicide. However, persistent suicide ideation withassociated depression, could be serious and must beinvestigated promptly and carefully. This communicationaims at examining prevalence of suicide ideation in depressedPeople Living with HIV/AIDs (PLHAs) and in relation tosome of its socio-demographic and clinical variates.Material and Methods: This is a part of a cross sectionalstudy on depression in 104 HIV/AIDS patients, registered atART Clinic of a teaching hospital, undertaken in 2013-14 atJhansi in Uttar Pradesh (India). On applying GHQ tool, 70patients of depression were identified. These 70 patients werefurther studied for suicide ideation.Results: The prevalence of suicide ideation among depressedHIV/AIDS was found 60% as well as significant associationof suicide ideation was found with occupation, habitat and permonth income of depressed HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusions: The significant association between sociodemographic profile of depressed HIV/AIDS patients andsuicide ideation is an important marker that should alertclinicians to underlying suicidal risk. Clinicians shouldroutinely enquire on suicidality in depressed PLHAs andassist them in their early diagnosis and intervention.

Analysis of determinants of suicide ideation among Hainan medical students based on structural equation model

Objective: To investigate suicide status and influence of medical students in Hainan, and analyze the direct and indirect effects of influencing factors on suicide ideation among college students based on the structural equation mode1. Methods: By using multi-stage sampling method, we selected 696 students of 11 majors of Hainan Medical College as the research subjects, by questionnaire, simplified coping style questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Scale (ASLEC), self-rating depression scale (SDS), social support rating scale, the self-esteem inventory and the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale(SIOSS) was conducted. Results: The idea of suicide in Hainan Medical College students occurred in 15.4%, and suicide act ideation rate was higher in male than in female (χ2 =7.161, P=0.006), non-medical higher medical (χ2 =6.004, P=0.014). The goodness of fit for the structural equation model was satisfactory and major indices had met corresponding requirements. The depression was a direct influencing factor on suicide ideation, while three factors including social support, positive coping style and passive coping style had indirect impacts.Negative life event and selfesteem not only directly affected suicide ideation, but also had indirect effects.According to the percentages of their contribution, the risk factors were ranked as follows: depression (45.6%), negative life event (33.6%) and passive coping style (18.5%). Similarly, the top protective factors were self-esteem (37.0%), followed by social support (28.4%) and positive coping style (14.3%). Conclusion: The higher incidence of suicide idea of students at the Hainan Medical College, depression and selfesteem were the main factors of suicide ideation. So, it is of great importance to not only strengthen the mental health of college students, but also to train students to face up the difficulties with a positive style, and provide the college students with sufficient social supports.

Detection of Suicide Attempters among Suicide Ideators Using Machine Learning

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop predictive models to identify suicide attempters among individuals with suicide ideation using a machine learning algorithm. METHODS: Among 35,116 individuals aged over 19 years from the Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, we selected 5,773 subjects who reported experiencing suicide ideation and had answered a survey question about suicide attempts. Then, we performed resampling with the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling TEchnique (SMOTE) to obtain data corresponding to 1,324 suicide attempters and 1,330 non-suicide attempters. We randomly assigned the samples to a training set (n=1,858) and a test set (n=796). In the training set, random forest models were trained with features selected through recursive feature elimination with 10-fold cross validation. Subsequently, the fitted model was used to predict suicide attempters in the test set. RESULTS: In the test set, the prediction model achieved very good performance [area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)=0.947] with an accuracy of 88.9%. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a machine learning approach can enable the prediction of individuals at high risk of suicide through the integrated analysis of various suicide risk factors.

Hallazgos psicométricos de la escala para ideación suicida del centro de estudios epidemiológicos en adolescentes escolarizados de samacá, boyacá, colombia / Psychometric findings of the suicidal ideation scale of the center of epidemiological studies in school enrolled adolescents in samacá, boyacá, colombia

RESUMEN El Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES) de los Estados Unidos introdujo con la escala para depresión (CES-D) y otra escala para cuantificar en forma rápida ideación suicida (CES-IS) durante las dos semanas más recientes; sin embargo, se conoce poco del rendimiento psicométrico de este instrumento. El objetivo fue verificar el desempeño psicométrico de la CES-IS en adolescentes escolarizados de un municipio de Boyacá, Colombia. Se realizó un estudio de validación con la participación de 363 estudiantes de un municipio de características rurales en edades entre 10 y 17 años (media=13; DE=1,8); 55,4% de los estudiantes de sexo femenino y 44,5% de sexo masculino. Los adolescentes diligenciaron los cuatro ítems de la CES-IS, una versión de diez ítems de la (CES-D-10) y la escala de Rosenberg para autoestima (ERA). Se estimó la consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach y omega de McDonald), la estructura dimensional (análisis factorial confirmatorio, AFC) y la convergencia con la CES-D-10 (correlación de Spearman, rs). Las puntuaciones en la CES-IS se observaron entre 4 y 20 (M=6,1; DE=3,5; Me=4, RIC=4-7) y en la CES-D entre 11 y 44 (M=23,3; DE=6,8; Me=22; RIC=18-27). La CESIS mostró alfa de Cronbach de 0,86 y omega de McDonald de 0,87, una dimensión que explicó el 71,2% de la varianza, los indicadores de ajuste RMSEA=0,00; IC90% 0,00-0,09; CFI=1,00; TLI=1,00; y SRMR=0,01, correlación convergente de rs=0,59 (p=0,001) con la CES-D-10 y correlación divergente de rs=-0,38(p=0,001) con la ERA. Se concluye que la CES-IS en adolescentes de un municipio de Boyacá presenta alta consistencia interna, una estructura unidimensional y alta convergencia con la CES-D-10 y divergencia con la ERA. Se necesita investigar el rendimiento de este instrumento en adolescentes colombianos con otras características distintivas.

ABSTRACT The Center for Epidemiological Studies (CES) of the United States introduced, along with the Depression Scale (CES-D) and another scale to rapidly quantify suicidal ideation (CED-IS) during the two most recent weeks. However, little is known about the psychometric performance of this instrument. The objective of this study was to verify the psychometric performance of the CES-IS in school enrolled adolescents from a small town in Boyacá, Colombia. A validation study was carried out with the participation of 363 students between 10 and 17 years of age (mean=13, SD=1.8); 55.4% female students and 44.5% male students. The adolescents completed the four items of the CES-IS, a ten-item version of the CES-D-10 and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS). Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha and McDonald omega), dimensional structure (confirmatory factorial analysis, AFC) and convergence with CES-D-10 (Spearman correlation, rs) were estimated. The CES-IS scores were observed between 4 and 20 (M=6.1, SD=3.5, Me=4, IQR=4-7) and the CES-D between 11 and 44 (M=23.3, SD=6.8, Me=22, IQR=18-27). The CES-IS showed Cronbach alpha of 0.86 and McDonald's omega of 0.87, a dimension that explained 71.2% of the variance, the adjustment indicators RMSEA=0.00, 90%CI 0.00-0.09; CFI=1.00, TLI=1.00 and SRMR = 0.01, convergent correlation of rs=0.59 (p=0.001) with the CES-D-10 and divergent correlation of rs=-0.38 (p=0.001) with the RSS. It is concluded that the CES-IS among adolescents of a small town in Boyacá, Colombia, has high internal consistency, a onedimensional structure and high convergence with CES-D-10 and divergence with the RSS. It is necessary to investigate the performance of this instrument in Colombian adolescents with other distinctive characteristics.

Use of a Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Individuals with Suicide Ideation in the General Population

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to develop a model predicting individuals with suicide ideation within a general population using a machine learning algorithm. METHODS: Among 35,116 individuals aged over 19 years from the Korea National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, we selected 11,628 individuals via random down-sampling. This included 5,814 suicide ideators and the same number of non-suicide ideators. We randomly assigned the subjects to a training set (n=10,466) and a test set (n=1,162). In the training set, a random forest model was trained with 15 features selected with recursive feature elimination via 10-fold cross validation. Subsequently, the fitted model was used to predict suicide ideators in the test set and among the total of 35,116 subjects. All analyses were conducted in R. RESULTS: The prediction model achieved a good performance [area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)=0.85] in the test set and predicted suicide ideators among the total samples with an accuracy of 0.821, sensitivity of 0.836, and specificity of 0.807. CONCLUSION: This study shows the possibility that a machine learning approach can enable screening for suicide risk in the general population. Further work is warranted to increase the accuracy of prediction.

O comportamento suicida de idosos institucionalizados: histórias de vida / The suicidal behavior of institutionalized elderly: life stories

Resumo Neste artigo estão resumidas e analisadas 16 histórias de vida de homens e mulheres idosos que residem em nove Instituições de Longa Permanência no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e que tentaram dar cabo à vida ou têm comportamento suicida. O estudo qualitativo foi precedido por uma pesquisa do perfil de 122 idosos residentes, por meio de um formulário do qual constam: dados socioeconômicos e demográficos: nome, data de nascimento, idade, sexo, estado civil, numero de filhos vivos e mortos, nacionalidade, raça, religião, grau de instrução, profissão/ocupação, renda e tempo em que reside na instituição; e cinco perguntas que direcionaram a seleção das pessoas com ideações e tentativas de suicídio, segundo um modelo criado pelo pesquisador italiano Scocco e seu grupo. Segundo as histórias narradas pelos oito homens e oito mulheres, observam-se relevantes diferenciações por gênero tanto nos aspectos sociodemográficos como motivacionais para o comportamento suicida. Os principais fatores comuns a homens e mulheres institucionalizados em situação de risco para a morte autoinfligida são: perda de laços afetivos e de pessoas referenciais, abuso de álcool e outras drogas, inadequação à vida institucional, doenças crônicas incapacitantes e dolorosas que repercutem em solidão, desesperança e falta de sentido para a vida.

Abstract This article summarizes and analyzes 16 life histories of elderly men and women residing in nine Long Stay Institutions in the State of Rio de Janeiro and who tried to end life or have suicidal behavior. The qualitative study was preceded by a survey of the profile of 122 elderly residents, using a form that includes: socioeconomic and demographic data: name, date of birth, age, sex, marital status, number of children living and dead, nationality, race, religion, degree of education, profession / occupation, income and time in which the institution resides; And five questions that guided the selection of people with ideations and suicide attempts, according to a model created by the Italian researcher Scocco and his group. According to the stories narrated by the eight men and eight women, there are relevant gender differences in both socio-demographic and motivational aspects of suicidal behavior. The main factors common to institutionalized men and women at risk for self-inflicted death are: loss of affective and referential ties, alcohol and other drug abuse, inadequate institutional life, disabling and painful chronic diseases that lead to loneliness, hopelessness and meaninglessness to life.

Biting myself so I don't bite the dust: prevalence and predictors of deliberate self-harm and suicide ideation in Azorean youths

Objective: To characterize non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors, methods, and functions as well as suicide ideation in the adolescent population of a Portuguese community in São Miguel Island, Azores. Increasing rates of NSSI behaviors among adolescents have been observed globally, while suicidal behavior has been pointed as a major cause of death during adolescence. Methods: A sample of 1,763 adolescents, aged 14 to 22, was randomly drawn from public and private schools and administered a set of self-report questionnaires. Descriptive and regression analyses were used to look for specific relationships and predictors of NSSI and suicide ideation in this isolated community. Results: Approximately 30% of youths reported at least one NSSI behavior, a rate that is twice as high as most studies carried out in mainland Portugal and in other European countries. Biting oneself was the most frequent form of NSSI, and NSSI behaviors served predominantly automatic reinforcement purposes (i.e., regulation of disruptive emotional states). NSSI and suicide ideation encompassed different distal and proximal risk factors. Conclusions: Exploring and characterizing these phenomena is necessary to provide a better understanding, enhance current conceptualizations, and guide the development of more effective prevention and intervention strategies in youths.

A structural equation model on some influencing factors of suicide ideation among military personnel / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship among personality traits,aggression,depression,anxiety and suicide ideation by developing a structural equation model.MethodsA total of 2141 participants derived from a stratified random cluster sampling were investigated with Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),aggression questionnaire(AQ),patient health questionnaire depression scale(PHQ-9) ,generalized anxiety disorder scale(GAD-7) and Beck depression inventory(BDI-13).ResultsIn EPQ,the scores of neuroticism,extroversion and psychoticism were (40.00±5.84),(59.84±7.02)and (36.63±6.41) respectively.In AQ,the scores of physical aggression,verbal aggression and anger were (32.41±5.15),(30.43±7.24),and (34.39±6.09) respectively.The median scores of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were 5 and 6,and the inter-quartile range were 4 and 5.The suicide ideation was correlated with measurement indicator respectively(r=-0.19-0.40,P<0.01).Aggression and depression directly affected suicide ideation(direct effect was 0.27,0.24 respectively) and aggression indirectly affected suicide ideation trough anxiety(indirect effect was 0.02).Personality traits indirectly affected suicide ideation through aggression,anxiety and depression(indirect effect was 0.40).Anxiety indirectly affected suicide ideation through depression(indirect effect was 0.13).ConclusionPersonality traits,aggression,anxiety and depression affect suicide ideation,and these factors have different effecting mechanism.

Níveis de ideação suicida em jovens adultos / Levels of suicidal ideation among young adults

O suicídio constitui um grave problema para a saúde pública. Está entre as dez principais causas de morte na população mundial em todas as faixas etárias e ocupa o terceiro lugar em jovens entre 15 e 35 anos. O presente estudo é experimental, quantitativo e transversal, e tem como principal objetivo comparar os níveis de ideação suicida entre estudantes universitários (n = 50) versus não universitários (n = 51). Os sujeitos foram comparados em função do sexo, idade, local de residência, se vivem acompanhados ou sozinhos, nível de escolaridade e estado ocupacional. O instrumento utilizado foi o Questionário de Ideação Suicida. A amostra foi constituída por 101 indivíduos com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 25 anos, com média de 21,44 anos e desvio padrão de 2,43. Os resultados evidenciaram que os maiores níveis de ideação suicida encontram-se na população não universitária. Os efeitos estatísticos com significado foram encontrados nas comparações por escolaridade, estatuto ocupacional, viver sozinho e presença de perturbação de ansiedade e/ou depressão. Os resultados do estudo sugerem que sejam adotadas medidas de prevenção do suicídio de forma a reduzir não só a taxa letal, mas também o número de tentativas.

Suicide is a serious public health problem and is among the top ten causes of death worldwide for all age groups. It is the third leading cause among 15-35-year olds. The main objective of this quasi-experimental, quantitative, and cross-sectional study was to compare the levels of suicidal ideation among college students (n = 50) and nonstudents (n = 51). Subjects were compared according to sex, age, place of residence, living arrangements, educational level, and occupational status using the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 101 individuals aged 18-25 years, Mean of 21.44 years and Standard Deviation of 2.43. The results showed higher levels of suicidal ideation among the non-college students. Statistically significant effects were found among the following variables: level of education, occupational status, living alone, and presence of anxiety disorder and/or depression. The findings of this study suggest the need for suicide prevention measures in order to reduce deaths by suicide and suicide attempt rate.

Effects of borderline personality disorder tendency and impulsivity on suicide ideation in counseling patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the effects of borderline personality disorder (BPD) tendency and impulsivity on suicide ideation in counseling patients.Methods A total of 120 counseling patients were evaluated by the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire (PDQ-4+),Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).All participants were also interviewed with self-made structured clinical questionnaire for suicide ideation.Re sults ①Patients with suicide ideation had significantly higher score of BPD tendency ((6.02 ± 2.15) vs (3.91±2.31),t=5.164,P＜0.01),impulsivity ((72.05±8.58) vs (68.63±9.01),t=2.129,P=0.035) than patients without suicide ideation.There was still significant difference of BPD tendency between the two groups after controlling for gender(F=23.135,P＞0.01) but there was no significant difference of impulsivity (F=3.536,P＞0.05).②Logistic hierarchical regression analysis revealed that only BPD tendency (B=0.319;P=0.009;OR=1.375)had a significant role in the prediction of suicide ideation after controlling for gender and depressive diagnoses.Conclusion Compared with impulsivity,BPD tendency can better predict suicide ideation of counseling patients.

Mediation effect of cognitive emotion regulation on relationship between life events and suicide idea-tion among college students / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the mediating effect of the positive and the negative strategy of cognitive emotion regulation on the relationship between life events and suicide ideation among college students,as well as the moderating effect of social support on the mediation model.Methods Participants were 2 471 college students in Hunan province,and they completed the Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Check List,the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the Social Support Scale for university students and the Suicide Ideation Questionnaire for university students .Results Negative strategy of cognitive emo-tion regulation played a mediating role between life events and suicide ideation among college students (β=0.17, t=8.43, P<0.01).Mediating effect quoted 0.28×(0.18-0.05U).Social Support (U) played a moder-ating role on the second path of mediation (β=-0.05, t=-2.47, P<0.05) .When U changed one unit,medi-ating effect changed 0.05 unit.Conclusion Life events influence suicide ideation through negative strategy, and with social support increasing,the effect of negative strategy on suicidal ideation weakened.

Factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers in Korea

BACKGROUND: There were several suicide events of subway drivers in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore work-related factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers. METHODS: We analyzed data from 980 male subway drivers. A section of the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI 2.1) was administered by trained interviewers to judge whether a driver has suicide ideation and to diagnose psychiatric disorders. A questionnaire was also administered to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, work environments, occupational stress, person under train (PUT) experience, and work-related problems. Occupational stress was examined by using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS). Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between work-related factors and suicide ideation among subway drivers. RESULTS: Regarding work-related problems, conflict with passengers and sudden stops due to the emergency bell were significantly associated with suicide ideation. MDD, PTSD, and panic disorder were strongly associated with suicide ideation. In the analysis of occupational stress, insufficient job control (OR 2.34) and lack of reward (OR 2.52) were associated with suicide ideation even after being adjusted for psychiatric disorders and other work-related factors. CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient job control and lack of reward were associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers. Strategies for drivers to have autonomy while working and to achieve effort-reward balance should be implemented. Furthermore, drivers who have experienced negative work-related problems should be managed appropriately.

Ideación suicida y grupo de iguales: análisis en una muestra de adolescentes venezolanos / Suicide Ideation and Peers Group: Analysis of a Venezuelan Adolescents Sample

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar un modelo de relaciones para predecir la ideación suicida de adolescentes escolarizados. Se propuso un modelo basado en la conducta suicida de los iguales, el apoyo del padre y de la madre, la violencia familiar y la depresión. La muestra estuvo conformada por 912 sujetos. Los resultados obtenidos mediante un path analysis indican que los adolescentes con síntomas de depresión optan por amigos con conductas suicidas y estos, además, aumentan directamente la probabilidad de ideación suicida.

The goal of this study was to determine a model of relationship in order to predict school-age adolescents suicide ideation. A model based on peers' suicidal behavior, father and mother's support, family violence and depression was proposed. A sample of 912 subjects was used. The results through path analysis suggest that teenagers with depression symptoms prefer relating with friends who show suicidal behavior.

Vivências subjetivas de idosos com ideação e tentativa de suicídio / Suicidal ideation and attempted suicide in elderly people – subjective experiences

Discutimos as vivências subjetivas de idosos que apresentam ideação e tentativa de suicídio a partir dos seus relatos. Entendemos a subjetividade como vivência intrapsíquica resultante da condição social, econômica, relacional e biográfica. Embora exíguo na literatura, o tema é importante, pois é no campo da subjetividade que as ideações e as tentativas de suicídio vão se configurando até que se concretizem no ato. Dados empíricos foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada focalizando: caracterização social, retrato e modo de vida, estado mental prévio, atmosfera da tentativa, impactos na saúde do idoso e família. A partir da análise dos sentidos emergentes foram geradas cinco categorias empíricas: (1) não lugar do sujeito; (2) falta de aceitação das perdas; (3) sofrimento pela ingratidão dos familiares; (4) sentimento de inutilidade da e na vida; (5) ressignificação das situações que geram condutas suicidas. Os resultados apontam a necessidade fundamental de incorporar conhecimento sobre os processos subjetivos aos programas de prevenção do suicídio do idoso com ideação e tentativa de suicídio.

We discuss the subjective experiences of elderly people who show suicidal ideation and/or attempts at suicide, based on their own reports. We understand the concept of ‘subjective’ as referring to intra-psychic experience resulting from social, economic, relationship or biographical conditions. Although the subject is sparsely covered in the literature, it is important, because it is in the field of subjectivity that ideations of, and attempts at, suicide develop and occur until they become a concrete act. Empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews focusing on: social characterization, portrayal and mode of life, previous mental state, atmosphere of the attempt, effects on the health of the elderly person and family. Based on the analysis of the meanings that emerge, five empirical categories were generated: (1) subject's feeling of being in a non-place; (2) absence of acceptance of losses; (3) suffering due to ingratitude of family members; (4) feeling of uselessness of, and in, life; (5) re-signification of the situations that generate suicide-related conduct. The results point to a fundamental need to incorporate knowledge about the subjective processes into programs for prevention of suicide among the elderly who have ideation of, or attempts at, suicide.